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猥亵儿童罪的基准刑为五年以下有期徒刑；具有多人或者多次、造成儿童伤害或者其他严重后果、猥亵手段恶劣或者有其他恶劣情节等情形的，升档至五年以上有期徒刑。强制猥亵罪同理，具有其他恶劣情节的，亦处五年以上有期徒刑。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>辩护空间集中于三处：定性是否成立及定何罪、加重量刑情节能否成立、电子证据与被害人陈述是否合法完整。家属不宜以“未碰到对方”为唯一判断，应关注量刑规则与证据质量。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>二、入罪定性：没有身体接触，为何仍可能构成犯罪\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.1 规范依据：法释〔2023〕3号第九条\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】网络非接触行为被明文纳入猥亵犯罪的评价范围，前提是具有胁迫、诱骗性质。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理强奸、猥亵未成年人刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第九条规定，胁迫、诱骗未成年人通过网络视频聊天或者发送视频、照片等方式，暴露身体隐私部位或者实施淫秽行为，符合《刑法》第二百三十七条规定的，以强制猥亵罪或者猥亵儿童罪定罪处罚。该条第二款规定，通过直播方式实施且同时符合《刑法》第三百六十五条规定的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>条文中的“胁迫、诱骗”是入罪前提，指向行为人主动施压或利诱，使未成年人按其要求暴露隐私或实施淫秽行为。单纯网络交流不等于犯罪，关键看行为方式是否落入上述范围。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.2 指导性案例：骆某案确立网络猥亵既遂规则\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】强迫未成年人自拍裸照并传输供行为人观看，即构成猥亵儿童罪既遂，不以身体接触为要件。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>最高检第43号指导性案例（骆某猥亵儿童案）中，骆某以虚假身份通过QQ威胁13岁女童小羽，迫使其自拍裸照十张并传送供其观看。一审法院认为该行为不构成猥亵儿童罪，仅将后续以公开裸照相威胁、要求见面欲进一步猥亵且未得逞的部分认定为犯罪未遂。检察机关抗诉后，二审法院采纳抗诉意见，认定骆某强迫被害人拍摄裸照并获取观看的行为，虽未直接接触被害人，但已严重侵害儿童人格尊严与心理健康，构成猥亵儿童罪既遂，依法从重处罚，改判有期徒刑二年。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>该案要旨在于：网络环境下迫使儿童拍摄并传送暴露身体隐私部位的影像供行为人观看，与实际接触儿童身体的猥亵行为具有同等社会危害性，应当认定为犯罪既遂。需注意，既遂以行为人实际获取并观看影像为通常标志；仅诱骗发送而未实际获取的，既未遂形态可能存在争点，个案中需结合证据具体判断。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.3 对象年龄决定罪名\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】被害人是否满十四周岁，决定适用猥亵儿童罪还是强制猥亵罪。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《刑法》第二百三十七条第三款规定猥亵儿童罪，对象为不满十四周岁的儿童；第一款、第二款规定强制猥亵罪，对象为他人（含已满十四周岁的未成年人）。同一网络行为因被害人年龄不同，可能分别构成猥亵儿童罪或强制猥亵罪，定性直接影响加重情节与量刑幅度。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.4 与其他犯罪的竞合\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】同一行为可能同时触犯多个罪名，依处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>若传播裸聊视频、隐私照片，可能同时符合《刑法》第三百六十五条组织淫秽表演罪；造成轻伤以上或严重后果，可能同时符合故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪。依第九条第二款、第十条，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。定性之争关乎最终适用罪名与量刑幅度。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>三、加重情节的认定：“多次”与“其他恶劣情节”如何把握\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.1 法定加重情节概览\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】升档至五年以上的关键情节，由《刑法》第二百三十七条与法释〔2023〕3号共同界定。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>猥亵儿童罪升档情形包括：多人或者多次；聚众或在公共场所当众且情节恶劣；造成儿童伤害或者其他严重后果；手段恶劣或者有其他恶劣情节。法释〔2023〕3号第七条、第八条分别细化“造成儿童伤害或者其他严重后果”“猥亵手段恶劣或者有其他恶劣情节”，例如致使儿童轻伤以上、自残自杀，或以影像资料胁迫、向多人传播暴露被害人身份等。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.2 “多次”的认定：不宜机械按发送次数\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】隔空猥亵具有非接触性，不能简单将三次以上发送裸照直接认定为“多次”，应综合方式、手段、后果评判。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>人民法院案例库柴某殿猥亵儿童案（入库编号2024-02-1-185-007）具有指引意义。柴某殿网络诱骗两名11岁、12岁女童建立“网络恋爱关系”，要求发送裸露照片与视频，合计约十次，公诉机关以“猥亵儿童多次”建议判处有期徒刑七年六个月。法院认为，隔空猥亵具非接触性，认定“多次”不能机械地将三次以上发送裸照认定为“多次”，应结合方式、手段、后果综合评判，避免罪责刑不相适应；本案情节、手段、后果一般，五年以下量刑已足，未认定为加重情节，判处有期徒刑四年六个月。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>该案传递的判断方法：若基于同一犯意在连续时段持续诱骗同一被害人发送内容，不宜简单拆分为多个独立“一次”；五年以下量刑已能罪责刑相适应的，多次索要可作入罪情节评价，不一定重复评价为加重情节。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.3 “其他恶劣情节”的认定：传播与胁迫显著升档\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】将裸聊视频、隐私照片在人数众多的社交群内传播、暴露被害人身份并造成严重后果的，易被认定为“其他恶劣情节”。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>人民法院案例库邱某杏强制猥亵案（入库编号2025-14-1-184-001）可作对照。邱某杏以虚构身份与14周岁的许某某确立“网恋关系”，骗至宾馆实施猥亵并胁迫裸聊偷录，后将裸聊视频及隐私照片发送至许某某所在的三个未成年人QQ群及班级老师，群成员近三四百人，致许某某精神恐惧、被迫辍学。法院认定构成强制猥亵罪且具有“其他恶劣情节”，判处有期徒刑六年。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>该案的裁判要旨明确：对已满十四周岁的未成年人连续多次实施强制猥亵，并将影像资料发送给被害人熟悉的人员、在人数众多的社交群内传播，暴露被害人身份，对身心健康及正常学习生活造成严重影响的，应当认定为“其他恶劣情节”，处五年以上有期徒刑。反过来说，若案件中没有传播扩散、没有用影像资料继续胁迫、没有造成严重心理创伤或辍学等实质后果，该情节的认定就存在进一步审查的空间。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.4 风险提示\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】涉及多名被害人、持续时间长、内容恶劣或被害人年龄很小的，风险明显上升。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>实务中，三人以上通常可能被认定为“多人”；若同时存在胁迫、传播、造成轻伤以上或自残自杀等后果，升档可能性显著增加。家属应理性评估风险，把辩护重点放在情节穿透与证据审查。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>四、证据审查：电子证据、被害人陈述与“明知”问题\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>4.1 电子数据的完整性与合法性\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】电子数据能否定案，不只看内容，还要看原始性、真实性与提取合法性。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>隔空猥亵案件的证据支柱之一是电子数据：聊天记录、视频、图片、截图、账号信息、平台后台数据等。审查要点包括：原始存储介质是否随案移送，提取过程是否规范，截图能否对应原始聊天记录，是否存在被截取、删减、断章取义的情形。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>有些案件仅呈现若干截图，看似严重；调出完整聊天记录后，可能出现前后语境不同、年龄信息不明确，甚至对方虚报年龄、账号资料显示成年的情况。辩护不能停留在“有聊天记录”，而应审查完整记录、原始数据与提取程序。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>4.2 被害人陈述的审查\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】未成年人陈述应审查其是否自然、稳定、细节一致，是否符合年龄认知，有无诱导或记忆污染。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>涉及未成年人的案件，办案机关高度重视被害人陈述，但证据审查同样要求陈述自然、稳定、细节一致，符合其年龄与认知能力，并关注是否存在反复询问导致的诱导或记忆污染，以及能否与聊天记录、视频、图片相互印证。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部关于办理性侵害未成年人刑事案件的意见》要求到“一站式”场所询问未成年被害人并通知法定代理人到场，相关身份信息应予保密。这些程序要求既是未成年人保护需要，也是证据合法性的审查维度。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>4.3 “明知”问题：是否知道对方是未成年人\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>【核心结论】是否明知对方是儿童，是主观构成要件的关键；低龄被害人采严格认定，临近十四周岁则综合判断。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《关于办理性侵害未成年人刑事案件的意见》第十七条规定，知道或者应当知道对方是不满十四周岁的幼女而实施性侵害行为的，应当认定“明知”；对不满十二周岁的被害人实施性侵害的，应当认定“明知”；对已满十二周岁不满十四周岁的被害人，从其身体发育状况、言谈举止、衣着特征、生活作息规律等观察可能是幼女而实施性侵害的，应当认定“明知”。在猥亵儿童案件中，行为人是否明知对方为儿童，同样属于主观构成要件，适用相同的判断逻辑。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>隔空场景中，聊天记录里是否出现年龄、学校、年级、作业、班级、家长等信息，往往成为认定“明知”的关键。若完整记录显示对方长期虚报年龄、账号资料显示成年且语境无低龄信息，行为人是否“明知”需结合全案进一步审查，不能仅凭一句“不知道她未成年”当然成立，也不能仅凭怀疑当然否定。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>五、给家属的几点建议\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>建议一：正视定性，不依赖“未碰到”抗辩\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>非接触行为已明确纳入猥亵犯罪评价，单纯强调“没有身体接触”难以形成有效抗辩。更务实的切入点是行为方式是否属胁迫、诱骗，以及对象年龄、主观明知能否认定。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>建议二：把注意力放在量刑情节与证据\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>定性之外，案件结果更多取决于加重情节是否成立、电子证据是否完整合法。家属可协助梳理完整聊天记录、账号信息与平台数据，避免仅以零散截图判断案情。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>建议三：尽早委托专业律师介入\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>律师自被第一次讯问或采取强制措施之日起即可会见，移送审查起诉后可阅卷，就电子数据提取程序、“明知”认定等提出书面意见。隔空猥亵案件的关键事实多藏于手机与网络平台，越早固定越有利。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>建议四：依法配合，不干扰取证\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>家属应配合调查、如实说明情况，不串供、不转移或隐匿证据、不干扰证人作证。不当操作可能加重责任，也影响后续从宽情节的认定。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>建议五：关注未成年人保护程序\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>此类案件设有“一站式”询问、身份信息保密、不公开审理等特别程序。了解这些程序，有助于判断办案是否规范，也为权益保障提供依据。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>六、家属常见追问\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>追问一：没有身体接触就一定不构成犯罪吗？\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>不是。法释〔2023〕3号第九条与第43号指导性案例已明确，网络非接触猥亵可构成猥亵儿童罪且可认定既遂。是否构罪，看行为方式是否属胁迫、诱骗未成年人暴露隐私或实施淫秽行为，而非是否发生身体接触。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>追问二：孩子“自愿”发送照片，就不算猥亵吗？\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>未必。未成年人认知与同意能力受限，法律给予特殊保护。但需要注意，第九条的入罪以“胁迫、诱骗”为行为方式要件，并非只要未成年人“自愿”就当然适用。表面上的“自愿”，如果是在行为人以网恋、关爱、小额利益等诱骗手段取得信任后作出的，或者行为人随后以传播影像相胁迫的，仍然落入第九条的评价范围；纯粹的自愿、且不存在任何诱骗或胁迫的，第九条并不当然适用。 关键在于行为方式、对象年龄与主观明知，而非简单看“同意”。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>追问三：聊天记录被截屏，完整记录对辩护有什么用？\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>完整记录可还原前后语境、行为方式与年龄信息，可能改变对“胁迫、诱骗”“明知”的认定。零散截图易被断章取义，原始、完整的电子数据是审查事实的基础。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>追问四：对方说不知道对方是未成年人，能成立吗？\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>需结合证据判断。对不满十二周岁的被害人，司法实践严格认定“明知”；对已满十二周岁不满十四周岁的，从身体发育、言谈举止、账号资料等综合判断。若聊天中多次出现学校、年级、家长等低龄信息，单纯否认“明知”难以成立；若对方长期虚报年龄且账号显示成年，则需进一步审查。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>附：相关法条（全文）\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《中华人民共和国刑法》第二百三十七条： 以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法强制猥亵他人或者侮辱妇女的，处五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。聚众或者在公共场所当众犯前款罪的，或者有其他恶劣情节的，处五年以上有期徒刑。猥亵儿童的，处五年以下有期徒刑；有下列情形之一的，处五年以上有期徒刑：（一）猥亵儿童多人或者多次的；（二）聚众猥亵儿童的，或者在公共场所当众猥亵儿童，情节恶劣的；（三）造成儿童伤害或者其他严重后果的；（四）猥亵手段恶劣或者有其他恶劣情节的。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理强奸、猥亵未成年人刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》（法释〔2023〕3号）第七条： 猥亵儿童，具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为刑法第二百三十七条第三款第三项规定的“造成儿童伤害或者其他严重后果”：（一）致使儿童轻伤以上的；（二）致使儿童自残、自杀的；（三）对儿童身心健康造成其他伤害或者严重后果的情形。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>法释〔2023〕3号第八条： 猥亵儿童，具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为刑法第二百三十七条第三款第四项规定的“猥亵手段恶劣或者有其他恶劣情节”：（一）以生殖器侵入肛门、口腔或者以生殖器以外的身体部位、物品侵入被害人生殖器、肛门等方式实施猥亵的；（二）有严重摧残、凌辱行为的；（三）对猥亵过程或者被害人身体隐私部位制作视频、照片等影像资料，以此胁迫对被害人实施猥亵，或者致使影像资料向多人传播，暴露被害人身份的；（四）采取其他恶劣手段实施猥亵或者有其他恶劣情节的情形。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>法释〔2023〕3号第九条： 胁迫、诱骗未成年人通过网络视频聊天或者发送视频、照片等方式，暴露身体隐私部位或者实施淫秽行为，符合刑法第二百三十七条规定的，以强制猥亵罪或者猥亵儿童罪定罪处罚。胁迫、诱骗未成年人通过网络直播方式实施前款行为，同时符合刑法第二百三十七条、第三百六十五条的规定，构成强制猥亵罪、猥亵儿童罪、组织淫秽表演罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部关于办理性侵害未成年人刑事案件的意见》第十七条： 知道或者应当知道对方是不满十四周岁的幼女，而实施奸淫等性侵害行为的，应当认定行为人“明知”对方是幼女。对不满十二周岁的被害人实施奸淫等性侵害行为的，应当认定行为人“明知”对方是幼女。对已满十二周岁不满十四周岁的被害人，从其身体发育状况、言谈举止、衣着特征、生活作息规律等观察可能是幼女，而实施奸淫等性侵害行为的，应当认定行为人“明知”对方是幼女。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>最高人民检察院第十一批指导性案例之骆某猥亵儿童案（检例第43号）要旨： 行为人以满足性刺激为目的，以诱骗、强迫或者其他方法要求儿童拍摄裸体、敏感部位照片、视频等供其观看，严重侵害儿童人格尊严和心理健康的，构成猥亵儿童罪。强迫女童自拍裸照并传输供行为人观看的，应认定为犯罪既遂。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>免责声明\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>本文根据公开法律条文、司法解释、指导性案例及人民法院案例库参考案例进行分析，旨在提供一般性法律知识参考，不构成针对任何具体案件的法律意见。隔空猥亵案件的定性、量刑与证据认定高度依赖个案事实，个案结果不代表其他案件结果，也不必然复现。如遇具体案情，请咨询专业刑事律师。\u003C\u002Fp>","2026-10-26 18:38:40",{"id":43,"createdAt":27,"updatedAt":27,"deleted":31,"code":413,"name":414,"icon":415,"sort":43,"status":6,"seoTitle":10,"seoDescription":10,"seoKeywords":10},"professional","罪名分类","\u002Fuploads\u002F2026\u002F07\u002F14\u002F8cfc49d7-c529-46c5-a6f1-d03a37047b2b.png",{"title":417,"description":418,"keywords":32,"canonical":419,"image":409,"jsonLd":420},"隔空猥亵案件：家属必须了解的三大核心法律问题 - 罪名分类 | 四川卓安律师事务所","所谓“隔空猥亵”，一般指行为人以满足性刺激为目的，利用网络诱骗、胁迫未成年人拍摄、发送暴露身体隐私部位的照片、视频或进行视频裸聊等非接触行为。依据《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理强奸、猥亵未成年人刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》（法释〔2023〕3号）第九条，此类行为符合《刑法》第二百三十七条规定的，以强制猥亵罪","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fnews\u002Fprofessional\u002F1071",[421],{"@context":362,"@graph":422},[423,430],{"@type":424,"@id":419,"url":419,"headline":408,"description":418,"datePublished":425,"dateModified":426,"author":427,"publisher":428,"articleSection":414,"inLanguage":367,"image":429},"Article","2026-10-26T18:38:40+08:00","2026-10-26T17:40:10+08:00",{"@id":369},{"@id":369},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fuploads\u002F2026\u002F10\u002F26\u002Fcd8f877d-bbc8-425f-a689-bb8ea079cc22.jpg",{"@type":431,"itemListElement":432},"BreadcrumbList",[433,436,438],{"@type":434,"position":6,"name":435,"item":359},"ListItem","首页",{"@type":434,"position":38,"name":414,"item":437},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fnews\u002Fprofessional",{"@type":434,"position":35,"name":408,"item":419}]