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17:07:13","重庆的受贿案件，如何退赃性价比最高","\u002Fuploads\u002F2026\u002F10\u002F19\u002Fbce927ec-142e-4843-b95d-7b3cd882c32a.jpg","\u003Ch2>摘要\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>受贿案件里，家属最先想到的动作往往是凑钱。但退赃从来不是一个\"退多少\"的问题，它有三个变量，按重要性排序是：这笔钱在法律上叫什么、在哪个阶段退、退到什么程度。第一项决定罪与非罪，第二项决定能不能用上《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款，第三项才轮到减多减少。顺序搞反，最常见的结局是钱退了、数额也默认了，量刑却没下来。这篇文章把五个问题拆开讲：及时退还和案发后退赃在法律上差一个罪名；真正的时间门槛是提起公诉前，不是判决前；条例给\"积极退赃\"留了三条路，全额只是其中一条；家属代为退赃，有三件事做不到就等于白退；钱有限时，退赃换的是自由刑，罚金只换财产刑，两者不能互相替代。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>一、先分清这笔钱是\"及时退还\"还是\"案发后退赃\"\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>这两种退法在当事人和家属嘴里都叫\"退了\"，法律上的待遇却完全不同：一种直接不构成受贿，一种只是量刑时可以从轻。\u003Cstrong>分不清这一点，后面所有关于金额的计算都没有意义。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（一）这两种退法，在法律上差一个罪名吗？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>差的就是罪与非罪。《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十五条规定，国家工作人员利用职务上的便利，索取他人财物，或者非法收受他人财物，为他人谋取利益的，是受贿罪。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理受贿刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》第九条规定，国家工作人员收受请托人财物后及时退还或者上交的，不是受贿；受贿后因自身或者与其受贿有关联的人、事被查处，为掩饰犯罪而退还或者上交的，不影响认定受贿罪。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>同一笔钱，退的时间点不同，一边是\"不是受贿\"，一边是\"仍是受贿，但可以从轻\"。\u003Cstrong>前者是把这笔钱从受贿数额里整体拿掉，后者是数额一分不动，只在量刑阶段做减法。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 这两件事对刑期的影响不在一个量级。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（二）\"及时\"到底看天数还是看别的？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>都不是看天数。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>实务中对\"及时\"的判断，落脚点是有没有受贿的故意。看四个地方：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>客观上能拒绝的时候，有没有拒绝的行为和表示；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>从知道收了这笔钱，到退还或者上交，中间隔了多久；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>有没有影响退还的客观原因，比如当时不知道、钱夹在材料里事后才发现；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>有没有影响退还的主观原因，比如一直在联系对方要求取回。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>常见的误区是拿天数卡，认为一个月内退、三个月内退就都算及时。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 实际上没有这个统一时点。反过来也一样：只要退得早，就等于没罪，这个理解同样不成立。判断的实质是收钱那一刻有没有收下的意思。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>落到证据上，家属真正能做的事很具体：把退还的时间、方式、凭证、当时的沟通记录固定下来。转账记录、微信聊天、在场的人、退还前后的通话，这些东西在监察阶段就有可能决定这笔钱进不进数额。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（三）听到风声之后才退，还能争什么？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>这时候基本争不到\"不是受贿\"，但可以争别的。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>文件把界限画得很清楚：因为自身或者关联的人、事被查处，为了掩饰而退还的，不影响认定。实务中的分水岭通常是三个时点：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>完全没动静时主动退还；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>本单位有人被谈话、行业里有风声之后退还；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>本人被谈话、被举报之后退还。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>第二、第三种情形，退还是有益的，因为钱退了总比不退好，但法律上的落点已经从\"出罪\"换成了\"量刑\"。\u003Cstrong>这个转向必须早点认，不要在监察阶段把力气花在争\"不是受贿\"上，反而耽误了在数额认定和退缴节奏上做工作。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>二、真正的时间门槛是\"提起公诉前\"\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>很多家属以为退赃可以等到开庭前，实际上过了提起公诉这个点，最重要的那一款就用不上了。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（一）为什么过了这个点，退赃就只剩酌定从轻？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款把四件事捆在一起：在提起公诉前如实供述自己罪行、真诚悔罪、积极退赃，避免、减少损害结果的发生。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>四件事同时具备，法律后果分两档：属于第一档，也就是数额较大或者有其他较重情节的，可以从轻、减轻或者免除处罚；属于第二档、第三档，也就是数额巨大、数额特别巨大的，可以从轻处罚。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十六条规定，犯受贿罪的，根据受贿所得数额及情节，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条的规定处罚。\u003Cstrong>所以这一款对受贿罪同样适用，这是受贿案件里退赃最硬的一条依据。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>关键在\"提起公诉前\"这四个字。它是一个程序上的截止点，不是量刑时的考虑因素。过了这个点，退赃依然可以从轻，但那是法官在综合情节里酌定，不再有法条明文给出的减轻甚至免除空间。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（二）监察阶段退赃，还有第二个用处吗？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>有，而且很关键。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《中华人民共和国监察法》第三十四条规定，涉嫌职务犯罪的被调查人主动认罪认罚，积极退赃、减少损失的，监察机关经领导人员集体研究并报上一级监察机关批准，可以在移送人民检察院时提出从宽处罚的建议。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>这条从宽处罚建议，是后面检察阶段量刑建议的重要基础。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 监察机关不提出，检察阶段的量刑协商起点会明显不同。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（三）四个节点之间，效果差多少？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>从实践看，大致是这样一条递减线：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>初步核实或者第一次谈话阶段\u003C\u002Fstrong>：退缴到位，可能影响是否立案、是否采取留置措施，这个阶段的效果最不可替代；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>立案后、留置期间\u003C\u002Fstrong>：直接影响移送时是否提出从宽处罚建议；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>审查起诉阶段\u003C\u002Fstrong>：影响量刑建议，也是争取不起诉、相对不起诉的最后一个窗口；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>审判阶段\u003C\u002Fstrong>：只剩酌定从轻，且法院会看退缴时点是否被动。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>同样是退一笔钱，四个节点换来的东西并不相同。\u003Cstrong>这也是为什么退赃这件事不该等，不能等到数额全部查清、案件移送起诉之后再动。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>节点怎么选，靠的是对程序节奏的判断。吴亮在重庆市九龙坡区人民检察院办理批捕与审查起诉的十年里，遇到过不少退缴时间与从宽评价错位的情形：钱确实退了，但退在了量刑建议已经形成之后，能起到的作用就被压得很薄。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>三、门槛不在全额，在\"大部分到位\"\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>\"全额退赃\"四个字在很多家属心里等于\"掏空家底\"，实际上条例给了三条路。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（一）条例给了三条路，全额只是其中一条？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>《中华人民共和国监察法实施条例》第二百四十七条规定，认定\"积极退赃，减少损失\"有三种情形：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>全额退赃；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>退赃能力不足，但被调查人及其亲友在监察机关追缴赃款赃物过程中积极配合，且大部分已追缴到位；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>犯罪后主动采取措施避免损失发生，或者积极采取有效措施减少、挽回大部分损失。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>第二种情形是本条里最有价值的一句。\u003Cstrong>它承认了一件事：家庭确实拿不出全部钱的时候，配合的态度和大部分到位的结果，同样可以撑起\"积极退赃\"这个认定。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>这意味着操作上有一个明确方向：钱不够，就把\"配合\"做实。主动申报名下财产、主动说明每一笔钱的去向、主动配合查封扣押、主动处置可变现资产，这些动作在卷宗里都留痕，都能用于说明第（二）项。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（二）进得去门槛，就等于减得多吗？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>不等于，这是两件事。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>前者解决的是\"能不能被认定为积极退赃\"，后者解决的是\"认定之后减多少\"。减幅是在基准刑上做调节，而基准刑由数额档次决定。受贿罪的三档数额标准，《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理贪污贿赂刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第一条规定为三万元以上不满二十万元、二十万元以上不满三百万元、三百万元以上。数额落在哪一档，本身就已经决定了减幅的天花板。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于常见犯罪的量刑指导意见（试行）》对退赃、退赔给出的幅度是，综合考虑犯罪性质、对损害结果所能弥补的程度、退赃退赔的数额及主动程度，可以减少基准刑的百分之三十以下。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>注意三个变量都在一起算：性质、弥补程度、数额与主动程度。\u003Cstrong>全额退、早退、主动退，三个条件叠在一起，幅度才靠上限走；部分退、被动退、在追缴压力下退，往往只能落到中低档。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>同一份意见还规定，认罪认罚与退赃退赔等情节不作重复评价。这一句的实际含义是：不要指望退了赃、又签了认罪认罚，两边的幅度简单相加。真正的上限是合并计算的。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>具体幅度以案件所在地高级人民法院的实施细则为准，各地在适用上有差别。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（三）退的范围只是收到的那些钱吗？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>不止。《中华人民共和国刑法》第六十四条规定，违法所得的一切财物应当予以追缴或者责令退赔。落到受贿案件里，至少四块要算清楚：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>收受的款物本身；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>款物产生的孳息，比如存款利息、房产租金；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>用赃款转化形成的财物，比如用受贿款买的房、车、股权；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>低价买入、高价卖出形成的差价部分。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>实务中最容易被忽略的是第二块。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 退了本金不退孳息，在很多案件里会被认为退缴不彻底。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>还有一个方向值得注意：\u003Cstrong>没有实际到手的钱，不该算进退缴义务。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 卓安律师事务所办理的一起受贿案中提出，未收到的钱款应当向实际占有人追缴，主动退缴的赃款加上已被查扣的物品价值，实际上已经具备全额退赃条件。这个思路的价值在于，它把\"退多少\"从\"认定了多少\"里拆了出来。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（四）多退一点，会不会更好？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>不一定，多退有它的反效果。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>第一种风险是数额上的。退缴数额明显超过本人供述和现有证据认定的数额，办案机关会顺着这个差额去问：多出来的钱是什么。\u003Cstrong>本来只想表达悔罪，最后引出一段新的待查事实，这种情况并不少见。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>第二种风险是来源上的。大额资金突然从亲属、朋友、民间借贷渠道进入，来源说不清楚，同样可能引出新的线索。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>第三种风险是节奏上的。数额认定还没完成就一次性全额退缴，等于用行动默认了全部指控数额，后面再想核减，会多一层解释成本。卓安律师事务所办理的另一起受贿案中，承办律师在案发初期就提示家属分阶段退赃，避免过度退赃反而造成量刑失衡。\u003Cstrong>这个提示的现实意义是：退赃的节奏要跟着数额认定的进展走，不是越早越猛越好。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>卓安（重庆）律师事务所吴亮律师团队处理这类案件，第一步通常不是算总额，而是把每一笔退缴对应到具体的指控事实，先看清哪些已经认定、哪些还在争、哪些根本没有到手。对应关系理清了，退多少、什么时候退，答案自然出来。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>四、家属代为退赃，三件事做不到就白退\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>家属代为退缴是常态，但方式不对，钱花了却不一定被计入\"积极退赃\"。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（一）钱退给谁？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>退给办案的监察机关，通过涉案财物专户或者其指定的方式缴纳，不是退给送钱的人。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>私下退给行贿人，有两个后果。法律上，它不产生退赃的效果，因为退赃是向办案机关退缴违法所得；程序上，这个动作本身有可能被评价为与涉案人员不当接触。\u003Cstrong>已经退给行贿人的，要如实向办案机关说明时间、金额、方式，并留好凭证，争取把这部分也计入退缴总额，但不要指望它能替代向机关退缴。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（二）以谁的名义退？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>以被调查人本人的名义，家属作为代缴人，写明代谁退缴。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>这一条看着只是手续，实际影响评价。原因在于《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款要求的是\"真诚悔罪\"，主体是被调查人。家属积极、本人不认，这笔钱在卷宗里的位置会很尴尬。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>要做到三点：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>退缴前与本人确认，形成书面意见或者笔录中的明确表态；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>缴款凭证上写明代缴人和被代缴人；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>退缴的金额、时间与本人的供述能够对上。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Ch3>（三）退赃和供述对不上，会怎样？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>会被削弱的正是最值钱的那部分评价。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>退赃与认罪认罚是一组配套动作。《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》第十五条规定，犯罪嫌疑人、被告人自愿如实供述自己的罪行，承认指控的犯罪事实，愿意接受处罚的，可以依法从宽处理。退了钱但不认罪，认罪认罚从宽这条路径就走不通；认了罪但不退钱，《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款要求的\"积极退赃\"又不成立。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>两边都得走，而且口径要一致。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 退缴金额、退缴时间、钱的去向，三样在笔录、缴款凭证、起诉意见书里应当是同一个版本。出现不一致时，通常不是\"退赃\"这一项被否定，而是整个悔罪态度被打折。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>五、钱有限的时候，先退赃还是先留罚金？\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>这是家属最实际的排序问题，答案不是平均分配。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（一）这两笔钱换的是同一样东西吗？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>不是。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>退赃影响的是自由刑。它进入量刑情节，直接影响基准刑的调节幅度。罚金属于财产刑，与自由刑并罚，但两者不互相替代。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>说得直白一点：钱用在退赃上，换的是刑期；钱用在罚金上，换的只是财产刑的数额。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 家庭资金有限时，这个区别决定排序。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（二）哪个有法定下限？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>罚金有。《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理贪污贿赂刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第十九条对受贿罪的罚金规定了明确区间：判处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役的，并处十万元以上五十万元以下罚金；三年以上十年以下的，并处二十万元以上犯罪数额二倍以下罚金或者没收财产；十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑的，并处五十万元以上犯罪数额二倍以下罚金或者没收财产。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>退赃没有对应的最低门槛。退多少、什么时候退，弹性空间更大。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>（三）怎么排先后？\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>一个可操作的三步：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Col>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>先顾自由刑的从宽评价\u003C\u002Fstrong>：把钱优先用于退缴，尽早完成，力争在提起公诉前把《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款的四件事做齐；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>再谈罚金的实际承受能力\u003C\u002Fstrong>：准备家庭收入、负债、被扶养人、医疗支出等材料，说明缴纳能力，争取在法定区间内取低位。《中华人民共和国刑法》第五十三条规定，罚金在判决指定的期限内一次或者分期缴纳，分期本身是有依据的；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>最后处理不足部分\u003C\u002Fstrong>：确实无力一次缴清的，主动说明并申请分期，比消极不缴的评价要好。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>\u003Cp>需要说明的是，罚金的具体数额仍由法院在法定幅度内裁量，各地掌握尺度不完全一致。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>六、三起案件里，退赃分别起了什么作用\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>以下三起案件均由卓安律师事务所不同团队办理，作案情脱敏处理，用于说明退赃在不同位置上的实际作用。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>第一起，某市公安局原副局长受贿案。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 指控中有一笔四十万元，收受时间在数年前，本人在案发前数年已经退还。辩护中提出该笔属于及时退还，不构成受贿。法院采纳了这一意见，认定该笔款项为及时退还。最终全额退缴违法所得五十万元，检察机关量刑建议为三年六个月至四年六个月，法院判处有期徒刑三年六个月，并处罚金二十万元。\u003Cstrong>这起案件的退赃，价值不在\"退了多少\"，而在把一笔钱从数额里拿了出去。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>第二起，某街道办原中心主任共同受贿案。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 涉案款项分多笔、多人参与，本人实际所得与共同总额差距较大。家属在案发初期全额退缴了赃款。法院采纳退赃、认罪认罚等从轻情节，判处有期徒刑三年九个月，并处罚金三十万元。承办过程中，律师同步提示家属按数额认定的进展分阶段退缴，避免因一次性过度退赃造成量刑失衡。\u003Cstrong>这起案件说明，退赃的时间点和节奏，与退赃金额一样会影响最终结果。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>第三起，某国有企业管理人员受贿、洗钱案。\u003C\u002Fstrong> 指控受贿一千二百余万元，其中部分款项本人并未实际取得。辩护中提出未收到的钱款应向实际占有人追缴，并将主动退缴的赃款与已被查扣的物品价值合并计算，主张已经具备全额退赃条件。法院采纳相关意见，以受贿罪判处有期徒刑八年，并处罚金一百二十万元，与洗钱罪并罚后决定执行有期徒刑八年二个月。\u003Cstrong>这起案件的价值在于，它把\"退缴义务的范围\"和\"认定的受贿数额\"分成了两个问题。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>七、涉及的法律依据\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Col>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十五条，受贿罪的构成；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十六条，受贿罪依照贪污罪的规定处罚；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条，量刑档次及提起公诉前退赃的从宽；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑法》第六十四条，违法所得的追缴与退赔；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑法》第五十三条，罚金的一次或者分期缴纳；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理受贿刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》第九条，及时退还或者上交不构成受贿；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理贪污贿赂刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第一条，受贿罪的数额标准；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理贪污贿赂刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第十九条，受贿罪的罚金幅度；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国监察法》第三十四条，从宽处罚建议的四种情形；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国监察法实施条例》第二百四十七条，积极退赃、减少损失的认定；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》第十五条，认罪认罚从宽；\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于常见犯罪的量刑指导意见（试行）》，退赃退赔与认罪认罚的调节幅度。\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Fol>","2026-10-19 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受贿案件里，家属最先想到的动作往往是凑钱。但退赃从来不是一个\"退多少\"的问题，它有三个变量，按重要性排序是：这笔钱在法律上叫什么、在哪个阶段退、退到什么程度。第一项决定罪与非罪，第二项决定能不能用上《中华人民共和国刑法》第三百八十三条第三款，第三项才轮到减多减少。顺序搞反，最常见的结局是钱退了、数额也默认了，量刑","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fnews\u002Fprofessional\u002F896",[420],{"@context":361,"@graph":421},[422,429],{"@type":423,"@id":418,"url":418,"headline":407,"description":417,"datePublished":424,"dateModified":425,"author":426,"publisher":427,"articleSection":413,"inLanguage":366,"image":428},"Article","2026-10-19T17:06:22+08:00","2026-10-19T17:07:13+08:00",{"@id":368},{"@id":368},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fuploads\u002F2026\u002F10\u002F19\u002Fbce927ec-142e-4843-b95d-7b3cd882c32a.jpg",{"@type":430,"itemListElement":431},"BreadcrumbList",[432,435,437],{"@type":433,"position":6,"name":434,"item":358},"ListItem","首页",{"@type":433,"position":38,"name":413,"item":436},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.zhuoanlaw.com\u002Fnews\u002Fprofessional",{"@type":433,"position":35,"name":407,"item":418}]